III. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security...

III. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the essay mostly focused on internal political dimensions of instability and conflict in the Arab part of the Gulf. Other factors of instability in the Gulf belong to the systemic level of the Gulf subregion. One of these factors is the existing regional security architecture, which fosters dependence on the U.S. to provide means of defence and deterrence. Part of the issue is that U.S. security guarantees result in lack of consensus and cooperation among the Gulf states themselves, which ultimately fuels conflict. It could be argued that American security commitments and lack of cooperation are mutually reinforcing and form a vicious circle.†¦show more content†¦is destabilising for two main reasons: a) it prioritises bilateral security arrangements with the U.S., which removes the incentive for creation of a cooperative regional security architecture, while b) sparking conflict with Iran, the state excluded and threatened by these arrangements. Basically, because security is exclusive and provided externally, international relations in the Gulf remain a zero-sum game plagued by security dilemmas, power politics, instability and conflict. IV. Conflictual nature of international relations in the Gulf The second systemic cause of instability is that of the anarchical nature of the regional international system, which perpetuates conflict and punishes states for deviation from conflictual behavior patterns. For the past 30 years the Gulf has seen three major interstate conflicts, each leading to the next and entrenching conflict as the only mode of interaction. These clashes carried significant neorealist undertones . For example, in 1980 Iraq attacked Iran, because, it can be argued from a neorealist perspective, Iran was isolated and weakened by internal revolutionary struggles, while the pre-existing balance of power had shifted in Iraqs favour. In this case, even if we accept the fact that Iran had been trying to achieve the fall of the Iraqi regime through insurgency, the neorealist position would still hold true, forShow MoreRelatedNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 Pagesï » ¿TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR NSL READING CHAPTER 1: National Security Law and the Role of Tipson 1 CHAPTER 2: Theoretical approaches to national security world order 4 CHAPTER 3: Development of the International Law of Conflict Management 5 CHAPTER 4: The Use of Force in International Relations: Norms Concerning the Initiation of Coercion (JNM) 7 CHAPTER 5: Institutional Modes of Conflict Management 17 The United Nations System 17 Proposals for Strengthening Management Institutional ModesRead MoreReport on Oil and Gas Industry in Pakistan81517 Words   |  327 PagesJoules 948 BTU 3.97 BTU 159 liter 6.29 bbl 1,000 Kilogram (kg) 2.2046 pounds (lb) 1 million ton Abbreviations and Acronyms ADB AG AJK ARL CF CIDA CIF CIM CNG COS DGG DGO DGPC DWT EP EIA EPA FATA FO FOB FOTCO FSU GDS Asian Development Bank Arab Gulf Azad Jammu Kashmir Attock Refinery Limited Cost and Freight Canadian International Development Agency Cost, Insurance, and Freight Central Inspectorate of Mines Compressed Natural Gas Cost of Service Directorate General Gas Directorate General OilRead MoreExxon Mobile Capstone40455 Words   |  162 Pages..........................................................3   Final  Recommendation .......................................................................................................................................................4   2.   EXTERNAL  ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................................ 5   INDUSTRY  DEFINITION .....................................................................Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesCASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data to Increase State Tax Revenues in California CASE STUDY II-5 The Cliptomaniaâ„ ¢ Web Store: An E-Tailing Start-up Survival Story CASE STUDY II-6 Rock Island Chocolate Company, Inc.: Building a Social Networking Strategy CASE STUDY III-1 Managing a Systems Development Project at Consumer and Industrial Products, Inc. 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